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- WORLD, Page 53The West: No Cold War II
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- The sight of Soviet troops in the streets of the Baltics
- poses a chilling worry for the West: Is this the end of the end
- of the cold war? Pessimists foresee a Soviet Union spinning out
- of control, splintering into warring ethnic fiefdoms and
- spewing a stream of refugees across Europe. But most Western
- analysts believe the future is less perilous. Autocracy might
- well return to the Soviet Union's political and economic life,
- or the country could break up. Either will strain East-West
- relations, but both sides have too much invested in cooperation
- to put their security at risk anew. Sovietologists agree that
- Cold War II is not at hand.
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- The toughest pill for the West to swallow may be its own
- impotence. Beyond signaling their displeasure, Washington and
- Europe can do little to affect events inside the U.S.S.R. "The
- Soviets are sensitive to what is being said abroad," says a
- French official. "But frankly, we can't hope that what we do
- will cause Moscow to change its behavior." Moreover, some
- analysts advise that punishing Gorbachev for the blood spilled
- in Vilnius and Riga by withdrawing Western aid might undercut
- him and strengthen Soviet hard-liners. A U.S. official points
- out that almost all the aid Washington has pledged "will
- benefit the reformers and not the reactionaries."
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- Nevertheless, demands are growing to enact sanctions,
- especially in the U.S. Congress. President Bush is considering
- postponing the Feb. 11-13 Moscow summit. But the consensus
- among Gorbachev watchers is that the most sensible course for
- Western nations is to wait, watch, and pursue their
- self-interest. Washington has an agenda with Moscow -- topped
- by arms control -- that it wants to save, however disillusioned
- it might be by Gorbachev's retreat from reform. The gulf
- coalition has a strong interest in keeping Gorbachev aboard. --
- a conviction that was only enhanced by last week's unconfirmed
- reports that the Soviet military was still providing help to
- Saddam Hussein.
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- At the same time, the West is preparing for the possibility
- that reactionary generals might come to dominate Soviet
- security policy. Defense officials in the U.S. and Europe are
- already rethinking hopes for new reductions in conventional and
- nuclear forces. "It's lucky we didn't dissolve NATO in the
- euphoria of Gorbymania," says a senior British diplomat. No one
- expects the turmoil in Moscow to result in a new attempt to
- subjugate Eastern Europe or even to slow the departure of
- Soviet troops. "The Soviet withdrawal will go ahead as
- planned," predicted Klaus Segbers of Germany's Institute for
- Science and Policy. But the convulsions will undermine Western
- confidence in the Soviets as a worthwhile economic and military
- partner. The rapid improvement in East-West relations depends
- on a reforming Soviet Union. If Moscow is turning the clock
- back, the West will find it hard to keep that partnership
- alive.
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- By Michael Serrill. Reported by William Mader/London and J.F.O.
- McAllister/Washington.
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